Role of Laparoscopy and Hysteroscopy | Hysteroscopy for Infertility

Laparoscopy is a surgical procedure that is performed in an operation theatre. A thin piece of equipment called a laparoscope is employed to carry out the procedure by inserting it through a small incision sized quarter of an inch inside the navel. This is followed by carbon dioxide being introduced into the abdominal-pelvic cavity which enables the surgeon to visualize the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes and other pelvic organs. 

A small camera is attached to the laparoscope that has a light source at one end which allows the surgeon to see inside the body. It is common practice for there to be another incision made above the pubic bone through which a second instrument is inserted inside the body to gently move the pelvic organs around for clearer visualization. 

This surgery usually takes one hour and later all the instruments and laparoscope are removed from inside the body, which is followed by letting the carbon dioxide gas escape. The open incisions are closed by suturing with a few small stitches and the patient is usually discharged on the same day as the surgery. 

Laparoscopy is a useful procedure in the evaluation of infertility, recurrent miscarriage and unusual uterine bleeding. 

Hysterectomy, similarly, is used for the above mentioned purposes, in addition to its use in examining the uterine cavity prior to the woman undergoing in vitro fertilization. 

The process involves the insertion of a slender instrument called a hysteroscope through the vagina and into the uterine cavity to inspect the inner areas. This is followed by distending of media into the cavity to aid in the visualization with the help of a light source and camera. 

This non invasive process is employed to detect abnormalities in the uterus whereas operative hysteroscopies are helpful in repairing the uterine cavity in preparation for a healthy environment for pregnancy.